Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a teratogen that poses health risks after acute and chronic exposure. Lead is deposited in the bones of adults and is continuously leached into the blood for decades. While this chronic lead exposure can have detrimental effects on adults such as high blood pressure and kidney damage, developing fetuses and young children are particularly vulnerable. During pregnancy, bone-deposited lead is released into the blood at increased rates and can cross the placental barrier, exposing the embryo to the toxin. Embryos exposed to lead display serious developmental and cognitive defects throughout life. Although studies have investigated lead's effect on late-stage embryos, few studies have examined how lead affects stem cell determination and differentiation. For example, it is unknown whether lead is more detrimental to neuronal determination or differentiation of stem cells. We sought to determine the effect of lead on the determination and differentiation of pluripotent embryonic testicular carcinoma (P19) cells into neurons. Our data indicate that lead exposure significantly inhibits the determination of P19 cells to the neuronal lineage by alteration of N-cadherin and Sox2 expression. We also observed that lead significantly alters subsequent neuronal and glial differentiation. Consequently, this research emphasizes the need to reduce public exposure to lead.
Keywords: Determination; Differentiation; Lead toxicity; Stem cell survival.
Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Lead exposure reduces survival, neuronal determination, and differentiation of P19 stem cells
Clayton Mansel 1 , Shaneann Fross 1 , Jesse Rose 1 , Emily Dema 1 , Alexis Mann 1 , Haley Hart 1 , Paul Klawinski 1 , Bhupinder P S Vohra 2
Affiliations
- PMID: 30776472
- DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2019.01.005
Comments2
emphasizes the need to reduce public exposure to lead.
Our data indicate that lead exposure significantly inhibits the determination of P19 cells to the neuronal lineage by alteration of N-cadherin and Sox2 expression. We also observed that lead significantly alters subsequent neuronal and glial differentiation. Consequently, this research emphasizes the need to reduce public exposure to lead.
Keywords: Determination; Differentiation; Lead toxicity; Stem cell survival.
Why transplants from older donors are often less successful
The study, published 30 October in Nature, reveals that transplants from older donors, which are often less successful, have ten times fewer vital stem cells surviving the transplant process. Some of the surviving cells also lose the ability to produce the range of blood cells essential for a robust immune system.
https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-10-blood-tracks-stem-cells-decades.html